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Limited by his wheelchair, Stewart had to react to what his character sees with mostly facial responses. Stewart continued his successful box-office run with two collaborations with Mann in Strategic Air Command paired him again with June Allyson in a Cold War [ ] Stewart took a central role in its development, using his experiences from the air force.
The film was another success.
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Even though critics preferred the first version, Hitchcock himself considered his remake superior. Louis , saw him star as his young adulthood hero, Charles Lindbergh. Stewart ended the year with a starring role in the Western Night Passage , which had originally been slated as his ninth collaboration with Mann.
Mann decided to leave the film and never collaborated with Stewart again. Soured by this failure, Stewart avoided the genre and would not make another Western for four years. Stewart's collaboration with Hitchcock ended the following year with Vertigo , in which he starred as an acrophobic former policeman who becomes obsessed with a woman Kim Novak he is shadowing.
Stewart, as usual, manages to act awfully tense in a casual way. Hitchcock blamed the film's failure on Stewart being too old to convincingly be Novak's love interest: he was fifty years old at the time and had begun wearing a silver hairpiece in his movies. The former was a box office success despite its explicit dealing with subjects such as rape, and garnered good reviews.
He topped the list in Stewart opened the new decade by starring in the war film The Mountain Road To his surprise, it was a box office failure, despite his claims that it was one of the best scripts he'd ever read. Stewart, Wayne, and Ford also collaborated for a television play that same year, Flashing Spikes , for ABC 's anthology series Alcoa Premiere , albeit featuring Wayne billed with a television pseudonym, "Michael Morris", also used for Wayne's brief appearance in the John Ford-directed episode of the television series Wagon Train titled " The Colter Craven Story " for his lengthy cameo.
The film went on to win three Academy Awards and reap massive box-office figures. In , Stewart signed a multi-movie deal with 20th Century Fox. In , Stewart was given his first honorary award for his career, the Cecil B. DeMille Award. He appeared in three films that year. The Fox family-comedy Dear Brigitte , which featured French actress Brigitte Bardot as the object of Stewart's son's infatuation, was a box-office failure.
Stewart returned on Broadway to reprise his role as Elwood P. Stewart disliked the amount of work needed to film the show each week and was relieved when it was canceled after only one season due to bad reviews and poor ratings. Playing a small-town lawyer investigating mysterious cases—similar to his character in Anatomy of a Murder —Stewart won a Golden Globe for his performance.
After performing again in Harvey at the Prince of Wales Theatre in London in , Stewart returned to films with a major supporting role in John Wayne's final film, The Shootist , playing a doctor giving Wayne's gunfighter a terminal cancer diagnosis. Despite mixed reviews, Airport '77 was a box-office success, [ ] but the two other films were commercial and critical failures.
Stewart's final live-action feature film was the critically panned Japanese film The Green Horizon , directed by Susumu Hani. Stewart took the role because the film promoted wildlife conservation and allowed his family to travel with him to Kenya. He was offered the role of Norman Thayer in On Golden Pond but turned it down because he disliked the film's father-daughter relationship; the role went instead to his friend, Henry Fonda.
Stewart remained in the public eye due to his frequent visits to the White House during the Reagan administration. The honorary Oscar was presented by former co-star Cary Grant "for his 50 years of memorable performances, for his high ideals both on and off the screen, with respect and affection of his colleagues". The project uses AI voice-cloning technology from Respeecher, and was conducted with the consent of Stewart's family and his estate.
As a friend, mentor, and focus of his early romantic feelings, Margaret Sullavan had a unique influence on Stewart's life. They met while they were both performing for the University Players; he was smitten, and invited her on a date. Rather, she felt protective and maternal towards him. The director of The Shopworn Angel , H. Potter , suggested they might have married had Stewart been more forthcoming with his feelings.
According to director Edward H. Stewart did not marry until his forties, which attracted a significant amount of contemporary media attention; gossip columnist Hedda Hopper called him the "Great American Bachelor". Afterward, he dated Loretta Young , but she wanted to settle down and Stewart did not. While filming Destry Rides Again , Stewart had an affair with his co-star Marlene Dietrich , who was married at the time.
Hurt by Stewart's rejection, she barely mentioned him in her memoir and waved him off as a one-time affair. He dated Olivia de Havilland in the late s and early s and even proposed marriage to her, but she rejected the proposal, as she believed he was not ready to settle down. She ended the relationship shortly before he began his military service, as she had fallen in love with director John Huston.
A licensed civilian pilot, Stewart enlisted in the U. After seeing action in Europe during World War II, he attained the rank of colonel and received several awards for his service. Air Force became an independent service in He was promoted to the rank of brigadier general in the Air Force Reserve in He retired from the service in , at which time he was awarded the Air Force Distinguished Service Medal.
In , while serving in the military, Stewart met singer Dinah Shore at the Hollywood Canteen , a club mainly for servicemen. They began a romantic relationship and were nearly married in Las Vegas in , but Stewart called off the marriage before they arrived, citing cold feet. Although gossip columnists made claims that they were planning to marry, Dell said this was not true.
Gloria hatrick stewart biography: James Stewart. Actor: Anatomy of a Murder. James Maitland Stewart was born on May 20, , in Indiana, Pennsylvania, to Elizabeth Ruth (Johnson) and Alexander Maitland Stewart, who owned a hardware store. He was of Scottish, Ulster-Scots, and some English descent.
He had crashed the party and became inebriated, leaving a poor impression of himself with Hatrick. The couple purchased a home in Beverly Hills in , where they resided for the rest of their lives. Ronald was killed in action in Vietnam on June 8, , at the age of 24, while serving as a lieutenant in the Marine Corps. Stewart was guarded about his personal life and, according to biographer Scott Eyman , tended in interviews to avoid the emotional connection he was known for in his films, preferring to keep his thoughts and feelings to himself.
Stewart's year friendship with Henry Fonda began in Manhattan when Fonda invited Stewart to be his third roommate in addition to Joshua Logan and Myron McCormick in order to make the rent. Aside from Fonda, Stewart's close friends included his former agent, Leland Hayward; director John Ford; photographer John Swope , Stewart's former roommate; and Billy Grady, the talent scout who discovered Stewart and also served as the best man at his wedding.
In addition to his film career, Stewart had diversified investments, including real estate, oil wells, the charter-plane company Southwest Airways , and membership on major corporate boards; he became a multimillionaire. Stewart was also active in philanthropy over the years. He served as the national vice-chairman of entertainment for the American Red Cross 's fund-raising campaign for wounded soldiers in Vietnam, as well as contributed donations for improvements and restorations to Indiana, his hometown in Pennsylvania.
Stewart was a lifelong supporter of scouting, having been a Second Class Scout as a youth and being awarded the Silver Buffalo Award for service to youth in Stewart Good Citizenship Award" has been presented since Stewart was a staunch conservative Republican throughout his life. We just didn't talk about certain things.
In , Stewart campaigned for the conservative presidential candidate Barry Goldwater and, according to biographer Marc Eliot, erred on the obsessive prior to the election. Johnson 's Gun Control Act of Stewart actively supported Ronald Reagan 's bid for the Republican presidential nomination in In , Stewart made a plea in Congressional hearings, along with Burt Lancaster , Katharine Hepburn, Ginger Rogers, film director Martin Scorsese , and many others, against Ted Turner 's decision to ' colorize ' classic black-and-white films, including It's a Wonderful Life.
Stewart stated, "the coloring of black-and-white films is wrong. It's morally and artistically wrong and these profiteers should leave our film industry alone. In , Stewart founded the American Spirit Foundation to apply entertainment-industry resources to developing innovative approaches to public education and to assist the emerging democracy movements in the former Iron Curtain countries.
Stewart's wife Gloria died of lung cancer on February 16, , aged He shut out most people from his life, not only media and fans, but also his co-stars and friends. His friends Leonard Gershe and Gregory Peck said Stewart was not depressed or unhappy, but finally allowed to rest and be alone. Stewart was hospitalized after falling in December In February , he was hospitalized for an irregular heartbeat.
Stewart died of a heart attack caused by the embolism at the age of 89, [ ] surrounded by his children at his home in Beverly Hills, on July 2, President Bill Clinton commented that America had lost a "national treasure James Stewart was given a funeral with full military honors and a three-volley salute. He had the ability to talk naturally. He knew that in conversations people do often interrupt one another and it's not always so easy to get a thought out.
It took a little time for the sound men to get used to him, but he had an enormous impact. And then, some years later, Marlon came out and did the same thing all over again—but what people forget is that Jimmy did it first. According to biographer Scott Eyman, Stewart was an instinctive actor. He was natural and at ease in front of the camera, despite his shy off-screen personality.
He asserted that there was not anything natural about standing on a sound stage in front of lights and cameras while acting out a scene. Stewart had established early in his career that he was proficient at communicating personality and character nuances through his performances alone. Film critic Geoffrey O'Brien related that Stewart's "stammering pauses" created anxious space for the audience, leaving them in anticipation for the scene which Stewart took his time leading up to.
Stewart himself claimed to dislike his earlier film performances, saying he was "all hands and feet", adding that he "didn't seem to know what to do with either". He said, "But I always tried, and if the script wasn't too good, well, then, I just tried a little bit harder. I hope, though, not so hard that it shows.
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He could not turn it off immediately after the director yelled cut. Stewart was particularly adept at performing vulnerable scenes with women. Jack Lemmon suggested that Stewart's talent for performing with women was that he was able to allow the audience to see the respect and gentility he felt toward the women through his eyes. He showed that his characters needed them as much as their characters needed him.
Stewart's screen persona was that of an "everyman", an ordinary man placed in extraordinary circumstances. Audiences could identify with him, in contrast to other Hollywood leading men of the time, such as Cary Grant, who represented what the audience wanted to become. Film scholar Dennis Bingham wrote that Stewart was "both a 'personality' star and a chameleon" who evoked both masculine and feminine qualities.
Ebert put this into contemporary perspective by asking, "What would it feel like to see [Tom Hanks] in a bizarre and twisted light? Film scholar John Belton argued that rather than playing characters in his films, Stewart often played his own screen persona. He had difficulty playing famous historical personages because his persona could not accommodate the historical character.
Louis He played many different types of characters, including manipulative, cynical, obsessive, or crazy characters. Stewart is remembered for portraying idealist "everyman" characters in his films. Ansen retold a story in which Jack Warner, upon being told about Ronald Reagan's presidential ambitions, said, "No. Jimmy Stewart for president, Ronald Reagan for best friend.
In contrast to his popularly remembered "all-American" screen persona, film critics and scholars have tended to emphasize that his performances also showed a "dark side". Stewart was one of the most sought-after actors in s Hollywood, proving that independent actors could be successful in the film industry, which led more actors in Hollywood to forego studio contracts.
A number of Stewart's films have become classics of American cinema, with twelve of his films having been inducted into the United States National Film Registry as of , [ ] and five— Mr. In , Stewart was awarded a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at Vine Street for his contributions to the film industry. Stewart Theater along with a retrospective of his films.
Tom Perry Special Collections Library at Brigham Young University houses his personal papers and movie memorabilia including letters, scrapbooks, recordings of early radio programs, and two of his accordions. Stewart has several memorials in his childhood hometown, Indiana, Pennsylvania. Stewart had contributed significant donations to his hometown, and had done it quietly as he didn't want the publicity.
A large statue of Stewart stands on the lawn of the Indiana County Courthouse, and a plaque marks his birthplace. His childhood home is still standing and overlooks his beloved hometown. Contents move to sidebar hide. Article Talk. Read Edit View history. Tools Tools. Download as PDF Printable version. In other projects.
Wikimedia Commons Wikiquote Wikidata item. American actor — Indiana, Pennsylvania , U. Beverly Hills, California , U. Gloria Hatrick McLean. Early life and education [ edit ]. Career [ edit ]. See also: List of awards and nominations received by James Stewart. John Wayne and Stewart. Vera Miles and Stewart. Posthumous work [ edit ].
Personal life [ edit ]. Romantic relationships [ edit ]. War career as pilot — [ edit ]. Marriage and family [ edit ]. Friendships, interests, and character [ edit ]. Political views [ edit ]. Final years and death [ edit ]. Acting style and screen persona [ edit ]. Work [ edit ]. Filmography [ edit ]. Main article: James Stewart filmography.
Theatre [ edit ]. Radio [ edit ]. Legacy [ edit ]. The Mortal Storm Awards and honors [ edit ].
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Main article: List of awards and nominations received by James Stewart. Memorials [ edit ]. Documentary [ edit ]. References [ edit ]. Notes [ edit ]. The other group lost four bombers in a subsequent interception, but Stewart's decision possibly saved it from annihilation and incurred considerable damage to his own 48 aircraft. His decision resulted in a letter of commendation and promotion to major on January 20, Abend Citations [ edit ].
American Film Institute. June 16, Stewart was riding high and MGM was expecting big things from him. What he chose to do next was bigger than anyone could have imagined.
President Reagan awarded him the Medal of Freedom, which is the highest award that can be awarded to a civilian in the United States. Following the war, Jimmy got right back to the business of making movies. Initially, this film was a box office bust, it has become the most famous Christmas holiday film in Hollywood history. In , Stewart was the top male at the box office and in the top five for several years.
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He received another Academy Award nomination for the film many considered his signature role, Harvey. Jimmy ended his bachelor status in when he married Gloria Hatrick McLean. Unfortunately, they lost Ronald to the Vietnam War. In , Stewart enrolled at Princeton University, where he studied architecture and earned a prestigious scholarship. However, his true passion lay in acting.
While still a student, he made his Broadway debut in a play that garnered critical acclaim. However, the Great Depression hit the theater industry hard, and Stewart found himself out of work. Determined to pursue his dream, Stewart moved to Hollywood in Throughout his seven decades in Hollywood, Stewart cultivated a versatile career and recognized screen image in such classics as Mr.
He is also the most represented leading actor on the Greatest Movies of All Time list presented by Entertainment Weekly. Stewart left his mark on a wide range of film genres, including westerns, suspense thrillers, family films, biographies and screwball comedies. He won many of the industry's highest honors and earned Lifetime Achievement awards from every major film organization.
He died at age 89, leaving behind a legacy of classic performances, and is considered one of the finest actors of the "Golden Age of Hollywood".